Challenger (STS-6) | Apr 4, 1983 | Weitz Bobko Peterson Musgrave | Launched first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-1) |
Soyuz T-8 | Apr 20, 1983 | Titov | Unsuccessful docking with Salyut 7 |
Challenger (STS-7) | Jun 18, 1983 | Crippen Hauck Fabian Ride Thagard | First five-person crew; first flight of a U.S. woman astronaut, Ride; deployed two communications satellites |
Soyuz T-9 | Jun 28, 1983 | Lyakhov Aleksandrov | Mission to Salyut 7; crew spent 149 days in space |
Challenger (STS-8) | Aug 30, 1983 | Truly Brandenstein Bluford Gardner Thornton | First flight of African-American astronaut, Bluford |
Columbia (STS-9) | Nov 28, 1983 | Young Shaw Garriot Parker Lichtenberg Merbold | First six-person crew; first spacelab mission; first non-U.S. crewmember on a U.S. mission (Merbold) |
Challenger (STS-41B) | Feb 3, 1984 | Brand Gibson McCandless McNair Stewart | First in-space operation of Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) |
Soyuz T-10 | Feb 8, 1984 | Kizim Solovev Atkov | Crew spent record-setting 237 days in space |
Soyuz T-11 | Apr 3, 1984 | Malyshev Strekalov Sharma | First flight of cosmonaut from India |
Challenger (STS-41C) | Apr 6, 1984 | Crippen Scobee Hart van Hoften Nelson | Crew launched Long Duration Exposure facility and repaired Solar Maximum Mission Satellite |
Soyuz T-12 | Jul 17, 1984 | Dazhanibekov Savitskaya Volk | Savitskaya became first woman to perform EVA |
Discovery | Aug 30, 1984 | Hartsfield Coats Mullane Hawley Resnick Walker | Space shuttle Discovery's first voyage |
Challenger (STS-41G) | Oct 5, 1984 | Crippen McBride Leestma Ride Sullivan Garneau Scully-Power | First flight of two women, Sullivan and Ride; first Canadian astronaut (Garneau) |
Discovery (STS-51A) | Nov 8, 1984 | Hauck Walker Allen Fisher Gardner | Crew retrieved and returned Westar 6 and Palapa B2 to Earth |
Discovery (STS-51C) | Jan 24, 1985 | Mattingly Shriver Buchli Onizuka Payton | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense; first Asian-American astronaut (Onizuka) |
Discovery (STS-51D) | Apr 12, 1985 | Bobko Williams Seddon Griggs Hoffman Walker Garn | Carried two communications satellites; first flight of U.S. elected official, Senator Garn |
Challenger (STS-51B) | Apr 29, 1985 | Overmyer Gregory Lind Thagard Thornton, van de Berg, Wang | Spacelab 3 mission |
Soyuz T-13 | Jun 5, 1985 | Dzhanibekov Savinkyh | Repair mission to Salyut 7 |
Discovery (STS-51G) | Jun 17, 1985 | Brandenstein Creighton Fabian Lucid Nagel Al-Saud Baudry | Carried three communications satellites |
Challenger (STS-51F) | Jul 29, 1985 | Fullerton Bridges England Henize Musgrave Acton Bartoe | Spacelab 2 mission |
Discovery (STS-51I) | Aug 27, 1985 | Engle Covey Fisher Lounge van Hoften | Crew launched three satellites and repaired the disabled Syncom IV |
Soyuz T-14 | Sep 17, 1985 | Vasyutin Grechko Volkov | Boarded Salyut 7; mission cut short due to illness |
Atlantis (STS-51J) | Oct 3, 1985 | Bobko Grabe Hilmers Stewart Pailes | First flight of Space Shuttle Atlantis; mission for U.S. Department of Defense |
Challenger (STS-61A) | Oct 30, 1985 | Hartsfield Nagel Bluford Buchli Dunbar Furrer Messerschmid Ockels | Carried the German spacelab D1 |
Atlantis (STS-61B) | Nov 26, 1985 | Shaw O'Connor Cleave Ross Spring Neri-Vela Walker | Three communications satellites launched; first flight of Mexican astronaut |
Soyuz TM |
5 | Jun 7, 1988 | Savinykh | Mission to Mir; crew returned in Soyuz TM |
3 | Solovyev | Aleksandrov |
Discovery | Sep 29, 1988 | Hauck | First U.S. shuttle flight since Challenger accident; | (STS-26) | Covey | launch of TDRS |
3 | Hilmers | Lounge | Nelson |
Energiia |
Buran | Nov 15, 1988 | unpiloted | First and only flight (to date) of Soviet Space shuttle |
Soyuz TM |
7 | Nov 26, 1988 | Volkov | Titov and Manarov remained on Mir for record |
setting | Krikalev | 366 days | Chretien |
Atlantis | Dec 2, 1988 | Gibson | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-27) | Gardner | Mullane | Ross | Shepherd |
Discovery | Mar 13, 1989 | Coats | Launch of TDRS |
4 | (STS-29) | Blaha | Bagian | Buchli | Springer |
Atlantis | May 4, 1989 | Walker | Launched Venus Orbiter Magellan | (STS-30) | Grabe | Cleave | Lee | Thagard |
Columbia | Aug 8, 1989 | Shaw | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-28) | Richards | Adamson | Brown | Leestma |
Soyuz TM |
8 | Sep 5, 1989 | Viktorenko | Five month mission to Mir | Serebrov |
Atlantis | Oct 18, 1989 | Williams | Launched Galileo probe to Jupiter | (STS-34) | McCulley | Baker | Chang |
Diaz | Lucid |
Discovery | Nov 22, 1989 | Gregory | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-33) | Blaha | Carter | Musgrave | Thornton |
Columbia | Jan 9, 1990 | Brandenstein | Crew retrieved Long |
Duration Exposure Facility; | (STS-32) | Wetherbee | Syncom IV |
5 launched | Dunbar | Ivins | Low |
Soyuz TM |
9 | Feb 11, 1990 | Solovyov | Mission aboard Mir for nearly 179 days | Balandin |
Atlantis | Feb 28, 1990 | Creighton | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-36) | Casper | Hilmers | Mullane | Thuot |
Discovery | Apr 24, 1990 | Shriver | Hubble Space Telescope (HST) launched | (STS-31) | Bolden | Hawley | McCandless | Sullivan |
Soyuz TM |
10 | Aug 1, 1990 | Manakov | 130 day mission aboard Mir | Strekalov |
Discovery | Oct 6, 1990 | Richards | Launch of Ulysses spacecraft | (STS-41) | Cabana | Akers | Melnick | Shepherd |
Atlantis | Nov 15, 1990 | Covey | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-38) | Culbertson | Gemar | Meade | Springer |
Columbia | Dec 2, 1990 | Brand | ASTRO |
1 spacelab mission | (STS-35) | Gardner | Hoffman | Lounge | Parker | Durrance | Parise |
Soyuz TM |
11 | Dec 2, 1990 | Afanasyev | 175 day mission aboard Mir | Manarov |
Atlantis | Apr 5, 1991 | Nagel | Launch of Compton Gamma |
Ray Observatory (GRO) | (STS-37) | Cameron | Apt | Godwin | Ross |
Discovery | Apr 28, 1991 | Coats | Mission for U.S. Department of Defense | (STS-39) | Hammond | Bluford | Harbaugh | Hieb | McMonagle | Veach |
Soyuz TM |
12 | May 18, 1991 | Artsebarsky | Mission to Mir; first flight of cosmonaut | Krikalev | from United Kingdom | Sharman |
Columbia | Jun 5, 1991 | O'Connor | Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS |
1) mission | (STS-40) | Gutierrez | Bagian | Jernigan | Seddon | Gaffney | Hughes |
Fulford |
Atlantis | Aug 2, 1991 | Blaha | Launched TDRS |
5 | (STS-43) | Baker | Adamson | Low | Lucid |
Discovery | Sep 12, 1991 | Creighton | Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite launched | (STS-48) | Reightler | Brown | Buchli | Gemar |
Soyuz TM |
13 | Oct 2, 1991 | Volkov | Mission to Mir | Aubakirov | Viehboeck |
Atlantis | Nov 24, 1991 | Gregory | Defense Support Program satellite launched | (STS-44) | Henricks | Musgrave | Runco | Voss | Hennen |
Discovery | Jan 22, 1992 | Grabe | International Microgravity Laboratory |
1 (IML |
1) | (STS-42) | Oswald | Spacelab launched | Thagard | Hilmers | Readdy | Bondar | Merbold |
Soyuz TM |
14 | Mar 17, 1992 | Vitorenko | First piloted mission for the former Soviet Union | Kaleri | Flade |
Atlantis | Mar 24, 1992 | Bolden | Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science | (STS-45) | Duffy | (ATLAS) Spacelab mission | Sullivan | Foale | Leestma | Frimout | Lichtenberg |
Endeavour | May 7, 1992 | Brandenstein | First flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour; retrieved | (STS-49) | Chilton | Intelsat VI | Akers | Hieb | Melnick | Thornton | Thuot |
Columbia | Jun 25, 1992 | Richards | U.S. Microgravity Laboratory |
1 Spacelab mission | (STS-50) | Bowersox | Dunbar | Baker | Meade | DeLucas | Trinh |
Soyuz TM |
15 | Jul 27, 1992 | Solovyov | Mission to | Mir | Avdeyev | Tognini |
Atlantis | Jul 31, 1992 | Shriver | Launched EURECA for European Space Agency; tested | (STS-46) | Allen | Tethered Satellite System | Hoffman | Chang |
Diaz | Ivins | Nicollier | Malerba |
Endeavour | Sep 12, 1992 | Gibson | Jemison first African |
American woman in space; | (STS-47) | Brown | Japanese Spacelab |
J mission | Lee | Apt | Davis | Jemison | Mohri |
Columbia | Oct 22, 1992 | Wetherbee | Launch of Lageos II; first flight of U.S. Microgravity | (STS-52) | Baker | Payload (USMP) | Jernigan | Shepherd | Veach | MacLean |
Discovery | Dec 2, 1992 | Walker | Launch of U.S. Department of Defense satellite | (STS-53) | Cabana | Bluford | Clifford | Voss |
Endeavour | Jan 13, 1993 | Casper | Launch of sixth TDRS satellite; failed to reach correct orbit | (STS-54) | McMonagle | Harbaugh | Helms | Runco |
Soyuz TM |
16 | Jan 24, 1993 | Manakov | Mission to Mir; test U.S. Shuttle docking unit | Poleshchuk |
Discovery | Apr 8, 1993 | Cameron | Second ATLAS Spacelab mission; launch of Spartan probe | (STS-56) | Oswald | Cockrell | Foale | Ochoa |
Columbia | Apr 26, 1993 | Nagel | Spacelab D2 mission for microgravity research | (STS-55) | Henricks | Ross | Harris | Precourt | Schlegel | Walter |
Endeavour | Jun 21, 1993 | Grabe | Launched and retrieved European satellite EURECA; first flight | (STS-57) | Duffy | of Spacelab module | Low | Sherlock | Voss | Wisoff |
Soyuz TM |
17 | Jul 1, 1993 | Tsibiliyev | Mission to Mir | Serebrov | Haignere |
Discovery | Sep 12, 1993 | Culbertson | Launched and retrieved European satellite ORFEUS |
SPAS | (STS-51) | Readdy | Bursch | Newman | Walz |
Columbia | Oct 18, 1993 | Blaha | First two |
week Shuttle mission; second Spacelab Life Science | (STS-58) | Searfoss | (SLS-2) mission | Seddon | Lucid | McArthur | Wolf | Fettman |
Endeavour (STS-61) | Dec 2, 1993 | Covey Bowersox Musgrave Akers Hoffman Nicollier Thornton | Crew serviced and repaired Hubble Space Telescope |