Steven Dutch, Professor Emeritus, Natural and Applied Sciences, Universityof Wisconsin - Green Bay
The author is indebted to Dr. Ian Dalziel for supervising this research, and to Dr. Richard Schweickert, Dr. Ian Ridley and Dr. Walter Alvarez for helpful advice at many stages of this research. All the above are of the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University. Dr. Stephan Brocoum, formerly of the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, also gave invaluable assistance. Norman Nicolais, formerly of the Henry Krumb School of Mines, Columbia University, ably aided the author in the field in the summer of 1974.
Many persons in the Sudbury, Ontario, area gave valuable assistance to the author, including Dr. K. D. Card, Dr. D. G. Innes, and Ruth Debicki of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and Dr. Don Phipps of the International Nickel Company. A special note of thanks is due to A. C. Gourlay of the International Nickel Company for arranging permission to work on INCO land. Mr. Harry Wolf of Whitefish provided lodging for the author during the 1973 and 1974 field seasons.
The author was supported by an NSF Graduate Fellowship, a Columbia University Faculty Fellowship, and by funds from the Department of Geological Sciences of Columbia University. The author is also grateful to the Department of Geological Sciences for the loan of a field vehicle.
Finally, the author is indebted to Ms. Joan Totton of the Lamont-Doherty Geological observatory for typing one draft of this manuscript, and for many other aids, and to Mrs. Shawn Dutch for assistance in preparing this manuscript and assisting the author throughout this research. The author also wishes to apologize for any inadvertent omissions from these acknowledgements.
Akaad, M. K., 1956. The Ardara granitic diapir of County Donegal, Ireland. Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond � v. 112, p. 263-288.
Aldrich, L. T., and Wetherill, G. W., 1960. Pb-Sr and K-Ar ages of rocks in Ontario and northern Minne sota. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 65, p. 337-340.
Anhaeusser, C. R., Mason, R., Viljoen, M. J., and Viljoen, R. P., 1969. A reappraisal of some as pects of Precambrian shield geology. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 80, p. 2175-2200.
Brocoum, S. J., and Dalziel, I. W. D., 1974. The Sudbury Basin, Southern Province, Grenville Front, and the Penokean Orogeny. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 85, p. 1571-1580.
Burrows, A. G., and Rickaby, H. C., 1934. Sudbury nickel field restudied, Ontario Dept. Mines Ann. Rept. v. 43, part 2, 49p.
Cannon, W. F., 1973. The Penokean Orogeny in northern Michigan. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 12, p. 251-271.
Cannon, W. F., and Gair, J. E., 1970. A revision of stratigraphic nomenclature for middle Precambrian rocks in northern Michigan. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 81, p. 2843-2846.
Card, K. D., 1964. Metamorphism in the Agnew Lake Area, Ontario, Canada. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 75, p. 1011-1030
Card, K. D., 1968. Geology of Denison-Waters area, Ontario. Ontario Dept. Mines Geol. Rept. no. 60, 63p.
Card, K. D., 1969. Sudbury Mining Area. Ontario Dept. Mines map 2170. Card, K. D., 1971. Panache Lake Area (east). Ontario Dept. Mines preliminary map P.669.
Card, K. D., and Hutchinson, R. W., 1972. The Sudbury structure: its regional geological setting. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 67-78.
Card, K. D., and Pattison, E. F., 1973. Nipissing Dia base of the Southern Province, Ontario. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 12, p. 7-30.
Card, K. D., Church, W. R., Franklin, J. M., Frarey, M. J., Robertson, J. A., West, G. F., and Young, G. M., 1972. The Southern Province. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 11, p. 335-380.
Clifford, P. M., 1972. Behavior of an Archean granitic batholith. Can. Jour. Earth Sci., v. 9, p. 71-78.
Coleman, A. P., 1907. A lower Huronian ice age. Amer. Jour. Sci., v. 23, p. 187-192. Collins, W. H., 1936a. Sudbury Series. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 47, p. 1675-1684.
Collins, W. H., 1936b. Life history of the Sudbury nickel irruptive, part 3. Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada., 3rd. ser., sec. IV, v. 30, p. 29-53.
Collins, W. H., Moore, E. S., and Freeman, B. C., 1938. Copper Cliff Sheet. Canada Dept. Mines and Resources map 292A.
Cooke, H. C., 1946 Problems of Sudbury geology. Geol. Surv. Canada Bull. 3, 77p.
Cooke, H. C. (ed.), and Collins, W. H., 1947a. Chelmsford Sheet. Canada Dept. Mines and Resources map 871A.
Cooke, H. C. (ed.), and Collins, W. H., 1947b. Falconbridge Sheet. Canada Dept. Mines and Resources map 872A.
Dence, . 1972. Meteor impact craters and the structure of the Sudbury Basin. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10. p. 7-18.
Dewey, J. F., and Bird, J. M., 1970. Mountain belts and the new global tectonics. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 75, p. 2625-2647.
Dietz, R. S., 1964. Sudbury structure as an astro bleme. Jour. Geology. v. 12, p. 412-434. Dietz, R. S., 1972. Sudbury astrobleme, splash emplaced sub-layer and possible cosmogenic ores. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10 p. 29-40.
Dietz, R. S., and Butler, L., 1964. Orientation of shattercones at Sudbury, Canada. Nature, v. 204, p. 280-281.
Dixon, J. M., 1974. A new method of determining finite strain in models of geological structures. Tectonophysics, v. 24, p. 99-114.
Dixon, J. M., 1975. Finite strain and progressive deformation in models of diapiric structures. Tectonophysics, v. 28, p. 89-124.
Escher, A., Jack, S., and Watterson, J., 1976. Tectonics of the north Atlantic Proterozoic dike swarm. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, v. 280, p. 529-539.
Eskola, P., 1949. The problem of mantled gneiss domes. Q. Jour. Geol. Soc. Lond., v. 104, p. 461-476.
Fairbairn, H. W., and Robson, G. M., 1942. Breccia at Sudbury, Ontario. Jour. Geology, v. 50, p. 1-33.
Fairbairn, H. W., Hurley, P. M., and Pinson, W. H., 1960. Mineral and rock ages at Sudbury-Blind River, Ontario. Proc. Geol. Assoc. Canada, v. 12, p. 41-46.
Fairbairn, H. W., Hurley, P. M., and Pinson, W. H., 1965. Re-examination of Rb-Sr whole-rock ages at Sudbury, Ontario. Proc. Geol. Assoc. Canada, v. 16, p. 95-101.
Fairbairn, H. W., Hurley, P. M., Card, K. D., and Knight, C. J., 1969. Correlation of radiometric ages of Nipissing diabase and metasediments with Proterozoic orogenic events in Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 6, p. 489-497.
Frarey, M. J., and Roscoe, S. M., 1970. The Huronian Supergroup north of Lake Huron. Canada Geol. Surv. Paper 70-40, p. 143-158.
French, B. M., 1967. Sudbury structure, Ontario: some petrographic evidence for origin by meteorite impact. Science, v. 156, p. 10941098.
French, B. M., 1968. Sudbury structure, Ontario, some petrographic evidence for an origin by meteorite impact, in French, B. M. and Short, N. M., eds., Shock metamorphism of natural materials. Baltimore, Mono Book Corp., p. 383-412.
French, B. M., 1970. Possible relations between meteorite impact and igneous petrogenesis as indicated by the Sudbury structure, Ontario. Bull. Volcanol., v. 34, p. 466-517.
French, B. M., 1972. Production of deep melting by large meteorite impacts: the Sudbury structure, Canada. Internat. Geol. Cong., 24th Montreal, Quebec, sec. 15 (planetology), p. 125-132.
Gates, T. M., 1971. Improved dating of Canadian Precambrian dikes and a revised polar wandering curve (Ph. D. dissert.): Cambridge, Massachusetts Inst. Technology, 252 p.
Gates, T. M., 1972. Measurement of the age of Canadian Precambrian diabase dike swarms. Geol. Soc. America Abs. with Programs (North-Central Sec.), V. 4, no. 5, p. 321322.
Gates, T. M., and Hurley, P. M., 1973. Evaluation of Rb-Sr dating methods applied to the Matachewan, Abitibi, Mackenzie and Sudbury dike swarms in Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 10, p. 900-919.
Gibbins, W. A., Adams, C. J., and McNutt, R. H., 1972. Rb-Sr isotopic studies of the Murray granite. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 61-66.
Gibbins, W. A., and McNutt, R. H., 1972. Rubidium-strontium studies on the Sudbury Irruptive. Geol. Soc. America Abs. with Programs (Ann. Mtg.), v. 4, no. 7, p. 517.
Gibbins, W. A., and McNutt, R. H., 1975. The age of the Sudbury nickel irruptive and the Murray granite. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 12, 1970-1989.
Gibbins, W. A., and McNutt, R. H., 1975. Rubidium-strontium ages and polymetamorphism at Sudbury, Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 12, p. 1990-2003.
Goldich, S. S., 1968. Geochronology in the Lake Superior region. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 5, pt. 2, p. 715-724.
Goldich, S. S., Muehlberger, W. R., Lidiak, E. G., and Hedge, C. E., 1966. Geochronology of the midcontinent region, United States - Part 1. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 71, p. 5375-5388.
Goldich, S. S., Lidiak, E. G., Hedge, C. E., and Walthall, F. G., 1966. Geochronology of the midcontinent region, United States - part 2. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 71, p. 5389-5408.
Guy-Bray, J. V., 1966. Shatter cones at Sudbury. Jour. Geology, v. 74, p. 243-245.
Hanson, G. N., and Malhotra, R., 1971. K-Ar ages of mafic dikes and evidence for low-grade metamorphism in north-eastern Minnesota. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 82, p. 1107-1114.
James, H. L., 1954. Sedimentary facies of iron formation. Econ. Geol., v. 49, p. 235-293.
James, H. L., 1955. Zones of regional metamorphism in the Precambrian of northern Michigan. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 67, p. 1455 1488.
Krogh, T. E., and Davis, G. L., 1974. The age of the Sudbury nickel irruptive. Ann. Rept. of the Director, Geophys. Lab., Carnegie Inst. of Washington, Year Book 73,.p. 567-569.
Lidiak, E. G., Marvin, R. F., Thomas, H. N., and Bass, M. N., 1966. Geochronology of the midcontinent region, United States - part 4. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 71, p. 5427-5438.
Lumbers, S. B., 1975. Geology of the Burwash area, Districts of Nipissing, Parry Sound, and Sudbury. Ontario Div. Mines Geol. Rept. 116, 160p.
Martin, N. R., .1953. The structure of the granite massif of Flamanville, Manche, northwest France. Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond., v. 108, p. 311-342.
Morey, G. B., 1973. Stratigraphic framework of middle Precambrian rocks in Minnesota. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 12, p. 211-249.
Muehlberger, W. R., Hedge, C. E., Denison, R. E., and Marvin, R. F., 1966. Geochronology of the midcontinent area, United States - part 3. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 71, p. 5409-5426.
Naldrett, A. J., Bray, J. G., Gasparrini, E. L., Podolsky, T., and Rucklidge, J. C., 1970. Cryptic variation and the petrology of the Sudbury nickel irruptive. Econ. Geol., v. 65, p. 122-155. Peredery, W. V., 1972. Chemistry of fluidal glasses and melt bodies in the Onaping Formation. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 49-59.
Phemister, T. C., 1956. The Copper Cliff Rhyolite in McKim Thownship, District of Sudbury. Ontario Dept. Mines Ann. Rept., v. 65, part 3, p. 91-116.
Pitcher, W. S., and Berger, A. R., 1972. The geology of Donegal: a study of granite emplacement and unroofing. Wiley Interscience, 435p.
Popelar, J., 1971. Gravity measurements in the Sudbury area, with map no. 138, Sudbury, Canada. Canada Dept. Energy, Mines and Resources, Earth Phys. Br., 8p.
Popelar, J., 1972. Gravity interpretation of the Sudbury area. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 103-115.
Ramberg, H., 1967. Gravity, deformation and the Earth's crust, as studied by centrifuged models. London, Academic Press, 214p.
Rousell, D., 1972. The Chelmsford Formation of the Sudbury Basin - a Precambrian turbidite. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 79-91.
Salop, L. I., and Scheinmann, Yu. M., 1969. Tectonic history and structures of platforms and shields. Tectonophysics, v. 7., p. 565597.
Speers, E. C., 1957. The age relation and origin of common Sudbury breccia. Jour. Geology, 65, p. 497-514.
Stevenson, J. S., 1972. The Onaping ash-flow sheet, Sudbury, Ontario. Geol. Assoc. Canada Spec. Paper 10, p. 41-48.
Thomson, J. E., 1952. Geology of Baldwin Township. Ontario Dept. Mines Ann. Rept., v. 61, part 4, 33p.
Thomson, J. E., 1956. Geology of the Sudbury Basin. Ontario Dept. Mines Ann. Rept., v. 66, part 3, p. 1-56.
Thomson, J. E., 1961. Maclennan and Scadding Townships. Ontario Dept. Mines Geol. Rept. 2, 34p.
Van Schmus, W. R., 1965. The geochronology of the Blind River-Bruce Mines area, Ontario, Canada. Jour. Geology, v. 73, p. 755-780.
Van Schmus, W. R., 1976. Early and middle Proterozoic history of the Great Lakes area, North America. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, v. 280, p. 605-628.
Van Schmus, W. R., and Woolsey, L. L., 1975. Rb-Sr geochronology of the Republic area, Marquette County, Michigan. Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 12, p. 1723-1733.
Van Schmus, W. R., Medaris, L. G., Jr., and Banks, P. 0., 1975a. Geology and age of the Wolf River Batholith, Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 86, p. 907-914.
Van Schmus, W. R., Thurman, E. M., and Peterman, Z. E., 1975. Geology and Rb-Sr Chronology of Middle Precambrian rocks in eastern and central Wisconsin. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 86, p. 1255-1265.
Williams, H., 1956. Glowing avalanche deposits of the Sudbury Basin. Ontario Dept. Mines Ann. Rept., v. 65, part 3, p. 57-89.
Wilson, H. D. B., 1956. Structure of lopoliths. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 67, p. 297.
Wynne-Edwards, H. R., 1964. The Grenville province and its tectonic significance. Geol. Assoc. Canada Proc., v. 15, part 2, p. 53-67.
Young, G. M., 1970. An extensive Early Proterozoic glaciation in North America? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 7, p. 85-101.
APPENDIX I. The structure of the eastern half of the Creighton pluton, Ontario II. The structure of the eastern inclusion within the Creighton pluton, Ontario The above are reproductions, at a scale of 1: 15,840 (4 inches = 1 mile) of the base maps on which the author plotted his field data,'and contain virtually all the structural data collected by the author in the eastern half of the Creighton pluton. Figures 3, 6, 7, and 8 are based on these maps.
Return to Professor Dutch's home page
Created 4 August 2004, Last Update 11 January 2020
Not an official UW-Green Bay Site